Are Sentences that Begin with Kāna and other Similar Auxiliary Verbs Nominal or Verbal? (With an Emphasis on Their Implications)

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Ph. D. Student of Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Thought, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Associate Professor of Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Thought, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

3 Assistant Professor of Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Thought, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract

Abstract
The sentence in Arabic is divided into two categories of nominal and verbal sentences. Essentially, a nominal sentence begins with a noun, while a verbal sentence begins with a verb. Each of these sentences has its own particular implication. As Kāna and its sisters play an important role in the Arabic language in terms of their functions, this study attempts to investigate sentences that begin with them to determine whether they are nominal or verbal. Therefore, it is essential to identify whether the sentences are nominal or verbal, particularly after we saw in some contemporary grammar books that some of the sentences starting with Kāna and its sisters are considered nominal. This issue is important in terms of sentence composition that has a valuable and high status in Arabic. Kāna and its sisters are also important in providing a rigorous scientific method for the compositions of kāna and its sisters. This research was conducted to provide more insight into this field and removing ambiguities. It employed a scientific methodology for examining sentences that began with Kāna and its sisters. In this research, we relied on grammarians to show that the criteria for determining a nominal or verbal sentence are its beginning, and to reinforce our stance, we have provided reliable evidence. The results showed that sentences beginning with Kāna and its sisters were never nominal but verbal. The most important reasons are the adoption of verbal markers, the presence of semantic predicates and their occurrence after conditional particles, ease of teaching, and meanings of annullers (or al-Naskh). All of these issues are discussed in detail in this research.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

References
-         The Holy Quran.
-         Ahmed, H. (n.d). Language is not Wisdom. Beirut: Dar Al-Fikr.
-         Al- Ghalaeeni, M. (n.d). Jame’ Al-Doroos Al-Arabiyyah. Part 3. Tehran: Nasir Khosro Publications. 
-         Al-Ansari, J. (2007). Moghni Al-laBib. Tehran: Al-Sadeq Publications. 
-         Al-Ansari, J. (2007). Explanation Qatr Al-Nada wa Ball Al-Sada. Qom: Ismaeliyan and Shariat Publications.
-         Al-Baydawi, N. (2000). Tafsir Al-Baydawi. Beirut: Dar Al Rashid.
-         Al-Hashimi, A. (1999). Jawahir Al-Balaghah. Zol Qorba Publications.
-         Al-Modarres, M. A. (1984). Al-Kalam Al-Mofid in Al-Samadiyyah. Beirut: Dar Al-Hijrah. 
-         Al-Refahi, A. (n.d). Arabic Vocabulary and Sentences. Isfahan: Javid Publications.
-         Al-Samarraie, F. (n.d). Implications of Grammar. Volume 1. Beirut: Al-Tarikh Al-Arabi Institute.
-         Al-Sayyid, Alikhan, S. (n.d). Al-Hadaeiq Al-Nadiyyah fi Sharh –e- Samadiyyah. Qom: Dar Al-Hijrah Publications.
-         Al-Suyuti, J. (1991). Al-Bahjat Al-Marziya in Ibn Malik’s Explanation of Alfiyyah. Qom: Ismaeliyan Publications.
-         Al-Suyuti, J. (n.d). Hima’ Al-Hawami’ Sharh Jam’ Al-Jawami’. Beirut: Ma’rifah Publications. 
-         Al-Zamakhshri, M. (n.d). Al-Kashshaf. Beirut: Dar Al-Fikr.
-         Ebadah, M. (1989). The Arabic Sentence. Beirut: Dar Al-Ma’rifah.
-         Erfan, H. (2003). Translation and Interpretation of Jawahir Al-Balaghah. Qom: Quds Publications.
-         Hamasa, A. (1989). Sentences in Arabic Poetry. Cairo: Al-Khanji Library.
-         Hasan, A. (n.d). Al-Nahv Al-Wafi. Part 1. Egypt: Dar al-Ma`arif.
-         Ibn Aqil, A. (n.d). An Explanation of Al-Fiyyah by Ibn Aqil. Tehran: Al-Sadeq Publications. 
-         Ibn Hajib al-Nahvi al-Maleki, A. (n.d). Al-Kafiyyah fi Al-Nahw Le Istarabadi Al-Nahvi. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kotob Al- ‘ilmiyah.
-         Ibn Jenni, A. (n.d). Al-Khasa'is. Investigation by Muhammed Ali Al-Najjar. Maktabat Al-ilmiyyah.
-         Khaledi, K. (2005). Insights into Arabic Sentences. Oman: Dar Safa.
-         Mir Hosseini, S. (2003). Arabic Grammar III. (11th Ed). Tehran: Payame Noor Publications. 
-         Qalati, I. (2009). The Parsing Story. Algeria: Dar Al-Hoda.
-         Shirazi, A. (2001). Easy Grammar with Hadith and the Koran. Qom: Al-A’lām Al-Islami Library Publications. 
-         Sibawayh, ‘A. (n.d). Al-Kitab. Investigation by Abd Al-Salam Muhammed Haroun. Part 1. Beirut: Dar Al-Jayl. 
-         Taqia, M. (2001). A New Method of Parsing and Morphological Analysis for the Arabic Language. Qom: Ishraq Publications of Qom University.
-         Tarzay, F. (1969). On Principles of Vocabulary and Grammar. Beirut: Dar Al-Kotob. 
 
بحوث في اللغة العربية
Volume 13, Issue 24
January 0
Pages 1-12

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics